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Chapter 2—Visual Elements of Art
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. In art, a ____ is usually defined as a moving
dot and is both the simplest and most complex of the visual elements.
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a.
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space
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b.
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shape
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c.
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mass
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d.
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line
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e.
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contour
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ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
2. In works with ____, the lines are completed
by the viewer.
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a.
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actual line
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b.
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outline
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c.
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implied line
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d.
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curved line
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e.
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heavy line
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ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
3. In Emily Mary Osborne's Nameless and
Friendless, ____ visually connect and lead the viewer's eye around the
composition.
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a.
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horizontal lines
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b.
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vertical lines
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c.
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speeding vehicles and pavement
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d.
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gestures and glances
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e.
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sweeping and diagonal lines
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ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
4. ____ creates the illusion of roundness or
three dimensionality through the use of light and shadow on a two-dimensional
surface.
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a.
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linear perspective
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b.
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shape
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c.
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color
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d.
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value
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e.
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modeling
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ANS: E PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
5. Diagonal lines are often used to ____.
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a.
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imply movement and directionality
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b.
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suggest stability
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c.
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suggest assertiveness
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d.
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imply heaviness and weight
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e.
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suggest rigidity
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ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
6. Using their signature combination of the body
and braided hair, the Gerlovins created a modern revision of ____, one of the
most popular themes of the Renaissance.
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a.
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St. Augustine
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b.
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Madonna and Child
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c.
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St. George
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d.
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Isaac
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e.
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Mary Magdalen
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ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
7. ____ are formed when intersecting or
connected lines enclose space.
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a.
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textures
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b.
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compositions
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c.
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horizons
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d.
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volumes
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e.
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shapes
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ANS: E PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
8. The ____ shape of an artistic composition is
considered the background.
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a.
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biomorphic
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b.
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positive
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c.
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irregular
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d.
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negative
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e.
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complementary
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ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
9. Light against dark or dark against light
create visual differences in ____.
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a.
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scale
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b.
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shape
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c.
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hue
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d.
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wavelength
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e.
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value
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ANS: E PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
10. From the Italian for "light-dark,"
what term is sometimes used in place of the word modeling?
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a.
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fresco
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b.
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chiaroscuro
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c.
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mezzotint
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d.
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mandala
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e.
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tempera
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ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
11. In La Source, Prud'hon's nude figure
is ____.
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a.
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carefully modeled and three dimensional
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b.
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heavily outlined
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c.
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flat and two dimensional
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d.
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sharply contrasted
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e.
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brightly colored
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ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
12. A triangular glass solid that breaks down
sunlight or white light into different colors is called a(n) ____.
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a.
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lens
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b.
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kaleidoscope
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c.
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prism
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d.
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oculus
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e.
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crystal
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ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
13. The message or meaning in Helen
Frankenthaler's amorphous abstract Bay Side seems to lie primarily in
its ____.
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a.
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figure
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b.
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content
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c.
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color
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d.
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allegory
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e.
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texture
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ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
14. The colors opposite each other on the color
wheel are ____.
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a.
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tints
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b.
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analogous
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c.
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warm
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d.
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complementary
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e.
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agitated
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ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
15. Art works that utilize closely related
families of color seem ____.
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a.
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jarring
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b.
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harmonious
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c.
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dull
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d.
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soothing
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e.
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harmonious and soothing
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ANS: E PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
16. Actual texture is primarily experienced
through the sense of ____.
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a.
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sight
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b.
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taste
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c.
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touch
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d.
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hearing
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e.
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smell
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ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: application
17. When an artist places one object in front of
another to create the illusion of depth, it is called ____.
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a.
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linear perspective
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b.
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value contrast
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c.
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overlapping
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d.
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relative size
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e.
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afterimage
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ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
18. ____, in which parallel lines converge at one
or more vantage points on the horizon to create the illusion of depth, was
highly refined by ____ artists.
|
a.
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Implied line; Japanese
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b.
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Atmospheric perspective; Byzantine
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c.
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Texture gradient; Baroque
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d.
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Relative size; Chinese
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e.
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Linear perspective; Renaissance
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ANS: E PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
19. American sculptor Alexander Calder is known
for his mobiles, which are excellent examples of ____.
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a.
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Pop art
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b.
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conceptual art
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c.
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Op art
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d.
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kinetic art
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e.
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performance art
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ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
20. Every Sunday, ____ suggests the motion of the
characters by repetition of imagery that changes slightly from frame to frame.
|
a.
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David Copperfield
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|
b.
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Reader's Digest
|
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c.
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National Geographic
|
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d.
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The Village Voice
|
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e.
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Dilbert
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ANS: E PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension | application
21. One of the best ways to create the illusion
of motion on a two-dimensional surface is by ____.
|
a.
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thickening outlines
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b.
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blurring outlines
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c.
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defining outlines
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d.
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separating outlines
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e.
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increasing outlines
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ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
22. When you look at a(n) ____ painting, your
eyes are manipulated to see rippling movement and afterimages.
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a.
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Op art
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b.
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Pop art
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c.
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Futurist
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d.
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Impressionist
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e.
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Surrealist
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ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: application
23. What inspired Picasso to create his
groundbreaking painting known as Les Demoiselles d'Avignon?
|
a.
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Heavy machinery
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b.
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African and Iberian art
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c.
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Japanese art
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d.
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Prehistoric cave paintings
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e.
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Nature
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ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
24. The edges formed by the flesh and muscle in
Edward Weston's Knees are best described as ____.
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a.
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contour lines
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b.
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outlines
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c.
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shapes
|
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d.
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illusions
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e.
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flat lines
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ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
25. Mark Tansey's Landscape depicts
three-dimensional massive shapes on a two-dimensional surface, creating what is
known as ____.
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a.
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actual mass
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b.
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implied mass
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c.
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volume
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d.
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form
|
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e.
|
mass
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ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
26. Which of the following shapes can be
considered a cultural icon?
|
a.
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Christian cross
|
|
b.
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Jewish Star of David
|
|
c.
|
Apple logo
|
|
d.
|
Chinese yin yang
|
|
e.
|
all of these choices
|
ANS: E PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
27. In Martina Lopez' Heirs Come to Pass, 3,
the primary technique used to create the illusion of depth is ____.
|
a.
|
linear perspective
|
|
b.
|
atmospheric perspective
|
|
c.
|
relative size
|
|
d.
|
overlapping
|
|
e.
|
brightness gradient
|
ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
MATCHING
Match the following:
|
a.
|
regular and precise
|
|
b.
|
without clear shape or form
|
|
c.
|
visual ambiguity
|
|
d.
|
color
|
|
e.
|
neutral color
|
|
f.
|
thick buildup of paint
|
|
g.
|
location of the viewer's eyes
|
|
h.
|
geometricizes organic forms
|
|
i.
|
pureness
|
|
j.
|
produced by adding white
|
1. achromatic
2. Cubism
3. amorphous
4. tint
5. geometric shapes
6. hue
7. figure-ground reversal
8. vantage point
9. saturation
10. impasto
1. ANS: E PTS: 1
2. ANS: H PTS: 1
3. ANS: B PTS: 1
4. ANS: J PTS: 1
5. ANS: A PTS: 1
6. ANS: D PTS: 1
7. ANS: C PTS: 1
8. ANS: G PTS: 1
9. ANS: I PTS: 1
10. ANS: F PTS: 1
SHORT ANSWER
1. Name the visual elements of art.
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
2. Three-dimensional shadows can be created by
the use of dots and lines. List three methods for shading and contouring in
this manner.
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
3. Associate any four emotions with a
corresponding color.
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: application
4. What phenomenon was modern artist Jasper
Johns trying to illustrate in his 1986 Spring painting?
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
5. How does the architect Frank Gehry refer to
the design of his Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain? What do others compare it
to?
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: knowledge
ESSAY
1. Compare and contrast Sol LeWitt's Lines
from Four Corners to Points on a Grid with Jackson Pollack's Number 14.
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
2. Discuss the use of implied line in Leonardo
da Vinci's Madonna of the Rocks.
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
3. Explain the difference between actual mass
and implied mass and provide an artistic example of each.
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
4. Explain how secondary and tertiary colors are
derived from primary colors and how they all function on the color wheel.
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
5. How are motion pictures or movies created?
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
6. The Postimpressionist artist Vincent van Gogh
used color expressively rather than realistically in his painting The Night
Café. Justify this statement.
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: evaluation
7. An art critic once called Marcel Duchamp's Nude
Descending a Staircase "an explosion in a shingle factory." How
would you critique this painting and why?
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: evaluation
8. How does Bernini's Baroque sculpture of Apollo
and Daphne make use of implied motion and implied time?
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
| application
9. Compare and contrast the use and effect of
texture in Leon Kossoff's Portrait of Father, No. 2 and Marie
Laurencin's Mother and Child.
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
10. Explain how the boundaries between contour
and outline have been blended in Rimma Gerlovina and Veleriy Gerlovin's Madonna
and Child.
ANS:
answer varies
PTS: 1 OBJ: comprehension
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